Summary
This paper presents the different publications resulting from the observatory of occupations in the SEPE as resources to be employed during the process of job orientation in order to facilitate various information on the labour market that improve the employability of persons.
The employment act enjoins us to be the person-centred approach as a challenge to the job orientation. The observatory is a technical unit of studies that analyse the labour market through a series of reports and analysis, which are issued in . The article van describing these studies indicating the type of information and what would be useful for professionals and job orientation.
Keywords 1
1 The existing National Classification of occupations (CNO- 11 ) back to the year 1994 . During the course of this time the evolution of the economy has been the emergence of new occupations, among those that can fit to highlight the partners in the fields of Information and communication technologies and the environment.
Introducción
Guide is to generate an encounter empático from which to channel support decision-making. Information on the labour market favours talents to match the needs of companies. It is important to know and learn to interpret the information relating to labour market, so we need to set a number of concepts and analysis, to facilitate the job orientation and improve the employability of persons.
Since the observatory of occupations (hereinafter, Observatorio) generates a significant amount of information analysis, communication and understanding of the labour market. All this, it could be used as a model of the labour market and as a resource to take into account in the process of job orientation.
The role of the job orientation in the employment act
In the preamble the employment act 2 it mentions that the challenge of job orientation requires a focused approach to the person to provide an indication of quality and personalized. In chapter I of part IV contains the guaranteed service catalogue, which goes to universalize the provision of a full service prospecting, orientation and support continued of people throughout their working life.
In this context, the guidance is pertinent to a set of elements that range from: information, motivation, counselling, diagnosis of professional profile and skills, learning, employment and entering the labour market. All of these programmes to promote the employment of persons who have benefited from the services of job orientation 3 .
The Observatory, such as technical unit of studies, analyses with its own methodology the situation and the labour market trends in the short and medium term to make reports and analysis of labour market (territorial, sectoral and occupational groups). These analyses are issued in digital format on page Site of the public employment service State, to improve the employability of working people, provide information to the business sector and contribute to the design of public policies.
In the process of career orientation you can use the information provided by the monitoring centre on:
- the situation, the evolution and vision of the labour market,
- the trend in sectors and economic activities,
- the training needs of the productive system,
2 Law 3 / 2023 , 28 february, of Employment.
3 Article 12 indicates that the strategy for Active Support to employment will be structured around various aspects of activation for employment and in particular the Axis 1 focuses on the orientation.
The Observatory of occupations, a dynamic file to inform and guide
The Observatory of occupations 4 the work of prospecting and detection of demands of the productive system and the labour marketto provide specialized information to the needs of employment. It also provides effective responses to the needs of training and refresher and of the workforce.This facilitates detection to anticipate the changes and allows you to reply to the demand that we can produce qualified workers,
5 elreport of the State labour market as in the reports of provincial scope [ 4 ]it is conducive to improving the employability of people to show an x-ray with the most relevant information in respect of employment.
These data are increasingly available, with detailed information of persons affiliated with Social security in the different regimes of employment; the activity rate and the unemployment rate registered with INE data, given the difference quarterly and yearly basis.
The information of the market of the work of government and provincial levels is updated quarterly through oflQuarterly Newsletter of the labour market (SOCIO) it contains a detailed and updated information on the labour market at the national and territorial levels (provinces) with specific information of certain groups (women, juveniles, foreigners, who 45 years of age, persons with disabilities).
Likewise, there are tables and graphs of stability and temporality in employment obtained with the information of the contract and of registered unemployment collected information system of public employment Services (SISPE) with information from the public employment service Estatal (SEPE) on beneficiaries. This information is presented along with maps reflecting the percentage of registered unemployment and of contracts in addition to the interannual variation at the provincial level.
In the SOCIOit also shows the total graphics with contracts and unemployment recorded by economic sectors (agriculture and fisheries, construction, industry, services and other) with information obtained from the SISPE. It also offers the interannual variation at state level by economic activity detailed data showing of unemployment, contracts and Social security.
Other information of great interest theSOCIOis to show the trend in the recruitment in the six occupations more engaged in each occupational group (CNO- 11 ) and graphics representing a comparison of profiles, taking into account the sex and age in contracts made, as well as in the registered unemployment. If we were to consider the educational level in contracts and registered unemployment have tables that reflected the quarterly information.
Labour is useful to have the information given on the SOCIO-style contracts registered and seniority of demand for employment (SISPE) showing totals and variations.With this information can be offered a job orientation with current data quality and facilitating the taking of decisions and serve to identify the structure of the enable workplace at territorial level and detailed information reflecting the distribution of variables in the labour market; unemployment rate (EPA); activity rate (EPA) total contracts and temporary contracts with detailed quarterly information at the provincial level by each autonomous community.
Likewise, SOCIOgraphic information and offers specific reality of work of the groups mentioned which is of great interest in the process of individual labour tending to the characteristics of persons of concern. This information is complete with an overview on the evolution of contracts with interprovincial mobility and profile of the same contemplating the variables of sex; age group; educational level;; form of recruitment and sector of activity and specific data at the provincial level of persons engaged which remain; entering; emerging and the ending balance.
4 The third additional provision of law 3 / 2023 employment, mentions the establishment of the office of The Analysis of the use, as a specialized section within the spanish agency for employment, functionally linked with the observatory of occupations.
5 The reports of the labour market an analysis of the profile of their members, recruited and unemployed. It also analyses the mobility of people and the situation of persons seeking employment who are receiving some sort of provision with a comparative analysis of occupations recruited and requested by the plaintiffs' attorneys and unemployed.
6 Understanding the Occupations, such as the set of jobs whose tasks presented a great deal of similarity both in terms of recruitment and the demand for employment.
The Observatory as a basis for the labour market
To get a monthly information by the state with data on persons SISPE stops registered in the end of each month and the number of contracts made in that same month with the comparative percentage the previous month and on that same month in the previous year contemplating monthly and annual variation of applicants stops and the number of contracts at the autonomous community and provincial levels, available graphically and brief format in the publication of
The state reports of the labour market of collective 7 with information on the situation of each of these groups in the labour market in each province.
7 . These reports provide data, national and provincial levels, of the labour market situation, with a vision that reflects the trend, the evolution and vision in the short term in providing information containing data; sociodemographic, of social security, recruitment, demand for employment and unemployment recorded, occupations, prospective labour market and of geographical and occupational mobility of working people.
Labour market trends
To identify the labour market trends, the annual report on labour market trends that makes it possible to identify the behaviour of the labour market with qualitative information gathered through interviews with people who are experts on different variables involved in the labour market and forecasts for next year.
In this report provides an initial overview of the labour market through its own methodology of the observatory, focusing on the qualitative analysis and a model quantitative time series and sort occupations and/or activities with stable performance and a trend of positive growth.
After a brief information on activities and occupations best placed in the labour market and with better prospects for employment creation shows the relationship between economic activities with better prospects in the short termsection and the activity (CNAE) in which it is included. Each economic activity are detailed sections that are better prospects in employment 8 .
Another interesting aspect that has been included in this report is contemplated mismatches between labour supply and demand obtained after consultation with more than 300 key representatives at the national level. Likewise, a chapter is devoted to the relationship of top-ranked activities in the use of replenishment and another to the trends in the training needs in the labour market to offset the mismatch between supply and demand.
In the job orientation is a priority to be able to identify training needs is demanding the productive system. The Observatory prepares the report of Prospecting and detection of training needs 9 , to facilitate the scheduling of the educational opportunities for people employed and unemployed workers to identify specific authority gaps that may be covered by different proposals, training, identifying in advance the occupations with better prospects for employment.
Groundbreaking publications with a view to contributing to a quality job orientation
Cahiers du labour marketit is a publication own the observatory launched during the year 2008 print magazine format. 2008 with an interruption of a few years, has been regained edition in digital format in april 2023 to disseminate the research, analysis and information of the labour market. Each edition, is committed to an issue regarding the labour market. Since then, by means of specific articles topical connected with the labour market directly and indirectly approaching us know in detail and thoughtful details of which affect the labour market.
In any dynamic process, they are activated changes and one of these changes is the revival, in digital format, of the publication of the The biannual magazine cahiers du labour market (CMT“ Hipatia platform ”universalist, and to publicize, designed para promote meeting and exchange of experiences and knowledge to diversify the knowledge of the labour market.
In the EURES report on the spanish labour marketprovides information to facilitate annual professional mobility in europe for people seeking work in Spain. In processes of career orientation, is of great interest to have information of the labour market at the regional level with data on what regions need labour force and which sectors had recorded a surplus labour. These data provide the free movement of workers and workers in the Area of the european Union.
In order to obtain a characterization of jobs and working conditions, the observatory generates an annual publication on the profiles of employment.These professional profiles are analysed from economic activities and occupations with better performance in employment and better prospects in the labour market. This is a lack of monitoring and analysis of a significant sample of job offers published on different employment portals (both of tenders issued by the company itself and offers published by various intermediadores: public employment services, temporary work agencies, placement agencies, specialized websites in employment) and a characterization of the offer of employment for each one of the professional profiles selected each year. It presents the occupations analysed in the profiles, roles and some aspects of training.
The publication on the labour market of graduatesformat provides information on a chip on the employment of persons with degrees accredited in vocational training, university or vocational training for employment. These leaflets containing information of reported data on the demands of employment and recorded in the recruitment of persons entitled, annual and monthly updated 10 .
Enshrined in the “ actions to foster the transversality of gender equality in all the active employment policy ” (C 23 I 02 P. 03 ) the recovery Plan, transformation and Resilience has created a “Catalogue of occupations in order to highlight the gender gap in employment ” every six months. This catalogue presents figures relating to contracts to men and women, and figures of applications by occupation of men and women seeking employment. In the data contained in this catalogue presents the Rates of concentration and distribution by sex of contracts and applicants stops, as well as data on the variation previous six-month period.
Since the observatory of occupations, by working to know the reality of the labour market at the national and provincial levels sectorally and occupational health providing technical elements for the development of training curricula and the design of programmes of support, maintenance and promotion of employment. Persons and to accompanying guide people in their professional itinerary are available to the products that publishes the observatory to promote a job.
In the guidance is a path for job orientation requires direct aim, and in the labour market, bearing in mind that people are the target audience and the regulatory framework in place so collected.
All our publications are on theWebsite of occupations in the public employment service State
10 Until now, has been published details 502 occupations, which correspond to the primary group of the national classification of occupations (CNO- 11 ), with the profile of women and men workers hired and profile of unemployment in the occupation. Data extraction coincides with the Last day of the procurement exercises with published applicants registered the last working day of the reference month for each occupation. It has been occupied, it fetches contracts reported during the reference period.