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El presente sitio Web está traducido a varias lenguas españolas oficiales en sus respectivos territorios, de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 3 de la Constitución Española de 1978 y sus Estatutos de Autonomía.

Las lenguas son el catalán, el euskera, gallego, valenciano, inglés y francés. Se advierte que, con carácter general, puede existir un desfase entre la versión en castellano y en las otras lenguas, derivado del proceso de traducción a las mismas.

Nuevas tendencias en el mercado de trabajo y las brechas de género

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Mar-2023

En términos de política de empleo, recientemente se han implementado en España dos medidas que han tenido efectos en el mercado laboral: la reforma laboral de 2021 y el aumento del salario mínimo interprofesional. Ambas intentan resolver problemas estructurales del mercado de trabajo español. En un caso la elevada temporalidad y precariedad y en otro los problemas asociados a los empleos de salarios bajos y poco cualificados. El impacto de estas dos medidas es analizado por Inmaculada Cebrian poniendo énfasis en el distinto efecto que están teniendo en hombres y mujeres. Así, llega a la conclusión que la contratación indefinida está favoreciendo más a los hombres y la contratación a tiempo parcial siguen siendo mayoritariamente femenina. Por otro lado, a pesar del impacto positivo del SMI sobre los salarios de un volumen importante de mujeres, la brecha de género sigue existiendo.

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Resumen

Este trabajo trata de aportar evidencias sobre cómo está respondiendo el empleo de mujeres y hombres tras las nuevas medidas implementadas por la reforma laboral de 2021, para reducir la temporalidad y la precariedad del empleo, y los aumentos recientes del salario mínimo, para resolver los problemas asociados a los empleos de salarios bajos y poco cualificados. El análisis de indicadores básicos muestra que los datos de empleo, cuantitativa y cualitativamente, han mejorado, pero no por igual para hombres y mujeres. La reducción de la temporalidad a favor de la contratación indefinida ha favorecido más a los hombres, mientras que las contrataciones a tiempo parcial siguen siendo mayoritarias entre las mujeres. A pesar del impacto positivo del aumento del SMI sobre los salarios de un grupo importante de mujeres ocupadas, la brecha de género sigue y seguirá existiendo si no se arbitran medidas que impidan la segregación.

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